United States Gas Meter Market: Market Driver and Restraint
The main application of Gas Meter is residential. Gas Meters are widely used by many apartments, houses, flats, etc. Residential dominates the market and counts for 90% of the market. Commercial is second application of Gas Meters and they are needed by some commercial places like restaurants. Industrial application is much smaller than Residential and Commercial.
United States Gas Meter Market by Type
This segment includes Diaphragm/Bellows Meters, Rotary Meter, Turbine Meters, Ultrasonic Flow Meters and other. Diaphragm/Bellows Meters is the main type of Gas Meter.
Diaphragm/Bellows Meters are the most common type of gas meter, seen in almost all residential and small commercial installations. Within the meter there are two or more chambers formed by movable diaphragms. With the gas flow directed by internal valves, the chambers alternately fill and expel gas, producing a near continuous flow through the meter. As the diaphragms expand and contract, levers connected to cranks convert the linear motion of the diaphragms into rotary motion of a crank shaft which serves as the primary flow element. This shaft can drive an odometer-like counter mechanism or it can produce electrical pulses for a flow computer.
Rotary meters are highly machined precision instruments capable of handling higher volumes and pressures than diaphragm meters. Within the meter, two figure "8" shaped lobes, the rotors (also known as impellers or pistons), spin in precise alignment. With each turn, they move a specific quantity of gas through the meter. The operating principle is similar to that of a Roots blower. The rotational movement of the crank shaft serves as a primary flow element and may produce electrical pulses for a flow computer or may drive an odometer-like counter.
Turbine gas meters infer gas volume by determining the speed of the gas moving through the meter. Because the volume of gas is inferred by the flow, it is important that flow conditions are good. A small internal turbine measures the speed of the gas, which is transmitted mechanically to a mechanical or electronic counter. These meters do not impede the flow of gas, but are limited at measuring lower flow rates.
Ultrasonic flow meters are more complex than meters that are purely mechanical, as they require significant signal processing and computation capabilities. Ultrasonic meters measure the speed of gas movement by measuring the speed at which sound travels in the gaseous medium within the pipe. American Gas Association Report No. 9 covers the proper usage and installation of these meters, and it specifies a standardized speed-of-sound calculation which predicts the speed of sound in a gas with a known pressure, temperature and gas composition.
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